How do GLP-1’s work? Benefits, side effects, and contradictions.
Imagine a breakthrough in medicine inspired by an unlikely creature: the Gila monster. Yes, this venomous desert-dwelling lizard played a starring role in the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists, a class of medications transforming the landscape of healthcare. As your local doctor at Amity Health, I want to share how these medications are changing lives and how they align with the preventive and comprehensive care we provide.
The Gila Monster Connection The story begins with exendin-4, a hormone found in the saliva of the Gila monster. Scientists were initially interested in studying this lizard due to its ability to survive long periods without food. Research revealed that its saliva contained a unique peptide, exendin-4, which mimicked GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), a hormone naturally produced in our bodies that regulates blood sugar and appetite. This discovery was a game-changer, as it led to the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists, initially approved to treat type 2 diabetes in the early 2000s. Over time, these medications demonstrated broader benefits.
How GLP-1s Work GLP-1 receptor agonists like ZepBound (tirzepatide), semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) improve insulin secretion, reduce excess sugar production in the liver, and slow the rate at which the stomach empties. These mechanisms help lower blood sugar levels and support weight loss by reducing hunger and promoting feelings of fullness. For many of our patients at DPC, this leads to significant weight loss—studies show that participants using Wegovy lost an average of 15% of their body weight in clinical trials.
Benefits and Promising Research Early research indicates that GLP-1 receptor agonists can reduce alcohol cravings and consumption by interacting with brain pathways that regulate reward and behavior. A study published in Nature Medicine in 2022 found that participants on these medications experienced a 20-30% reduction in alcohol intake, highlighting their potential not just for metabolic health, but also for addiction and behavior management.
Side Effects and Contraindications Given that these medications are relatively new, we’re still learning about their long-term effects. While they hold tremendous promise for many, they may not be the right choice for everyone.
Sometimes the effects are too strong, trying to mimic fullness, leading to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation; typically improving over time as the body adjusts to the medication. Rarely, these medications can lead to more serious issues such as pancreatitis or gallbladder problems. GLP-1s are contraindicated in individuals with a history of medullary thyroid cancer or MEN-2 syndrome and those with severe gastrointestinal disorders.
Why DPC Makes a Difference At Amity Health, we emphasize personalized care, preventive medicine, and access to life-changing treatments like GLP-1s when appropriate. Unlike traditional healthcare models, DPC offers direct access to your doctor, unlimited visits, and transparent pricing for $100 per month. Whether you’re managing a chronic condition or seeking innovative ways to enhance your well-being, our practice is here to help. Together, we can explore the tools and strategies to help you live your best, healthiest life.
